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Description: The pale blue areas of this US map are where Mn is deficient in the soil and where animals may suffer from Mn deficiency unless their feed is supplemented. Manganese is a component of some enzymes and stimulates the development and activity of other enzymes. Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is the principal antioxidant in mitochondria. Several enzymes activated by manganese contribute to the metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, and cholesterol. A deficiency of manganese causes skeletal deformation in animals and inhibits the production of collagen in wound healing. Relatively high dietary intake of other minerals such as iron, phosphorus, magnesium, and calcium inhibit manganese absorption. Absorption of manganese from grains is inhibited by the formation of phytate complexes.
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