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Description: This is a view of the head of an adult chicken, upside down, with the throat cut longitudinally from below, the skin pulled apart, and the esophagus cut longitudinally exposing the lining. In poultry with a vitamin A deficiency the mucous epithelium is replaced by a stratified squamous keratinizing epithelium. Breakdown of the mucous membrane allows access to the body by bacteria and other pathogenic organisms causing infections that are secondary to the nutritional deficiency. As a result, the mucous membranes of the nasal passages, mouth, pharynx and esophagus develop white pustules or nodules, as seen here in the esophagus.
Resolution: 1640x1044
File Size: 1.41 MB